2025 NFL season · final · regular season

Referee calls, 2025: who they helped

Judgment calls helped the Steelers most in 2025: +2.42 wins, the calls that went their way minus the ones that didn’t, each weighted by the moment it came. They hurt the Lions most: −2.52 wins. The Cowboys were flagged the most, 133 times.

Judgment calls are the flags an official has to judge: holding, pass interference, roughing and the like. Each is valued by what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out, so a call in a decided game counts for nothing and one at the turn of a close game for most of a win. Week to week a team’s call luck barely repeats (correlation 0.06), which is what chance looks like. How calls are valued

#	Team	Call luck, wins	Judgment flags against	For	Pre-snap flags against
1	Steelers	+2.42	62	65	39
2	Chargers	+1.27	53	65	51
3	Giants	+1.17	68	86	60
4	Bengals	+1.05	48	62	40
5	Jaguars	+0.83	82	69	45
6	Seahawks	+0.80	61	66	39
7	Cowboys	+0.76	80	80	53
8	Texans	+0.54	76	76	42
9	Rams	+0.41	47	73	28
10	Commanders	+0.37	66	73	51
11	Colts	+0.34	67	64	35
12	Ravens	+0.27	51	58	48
13	Packers	+0.26	63	56	42
14	Patriots	+0.18	63	66	36
15	Raiders	+0.10	63	67	45
16	Vikings	+0.06	58	59	53
17	Jets	+0.05	64	58	46
18	Cardinals	0.00	72	56	43
19	Falcons	−0.01	56	60	52
20	Bills	−0.07	72	56	29
21	Buccaneers	−0.07	61	78	34
22	Panthers	−0.12	56	67	39
23	Saints	−0.29	65	69	53
24	49ers	−0.39	53	64	30
25	Browns	−0.41	59	63	49
26	Titans	−0.43	73	56	56
27	Bears	−0.79	65	58	55
28	Dolphins	−0.96	60	57	41
29	Chiefs	−1.02	80	62	39
30	Eagles	−1.33	74	55	43
31	Broncos	−2.46	81	60	42
32	Lions	−2.52	60	55	44

Call luck by team

PIT +2.42 1st

LAC +1.27 2nd

NYG +1.17 3rd

CIN +1.05 4th

JAX +0.83 5th

SEA +0.80 6th

DAL +0.76 7th

HOU +0.54 8th

LA +0.41 9th

WAS +0.37 10th

IND +0.34 11th

BAL +0.27 12th

GB +0.26 13th

NE +0.18 14th

LV +0.10 15th

MIN +0.06 16th

NYJ +0.05 17th

ARI 0.00 18th

ATL −0.01 19th

BUF −0.07 20th

TB −0.07 21st

CAR −0.12 22nd

NO −0.29 23rd

SF −0.39 24th

CLE −0.41 25th

TEN −0.43 26th

CHI −0.79 27th

MIA −0.96 28th

KC −1.02 29th

PHI −1.33 30th

DEN −2.46 31st

DET −2.52 32nd

Referee crews

Flags per game in each crew’s games, and how the judgment calls leaned: share of a win a game toward the home team.

Referee	Games	Judgment flags per game	Pre-snap per game	Toward home team
Alex Moore	16	9.8	6.4	+4.2%
Carl Cheffers	17	8.4	5.9	−3.1%
Adrian Hill	15	8.4	5.8	−4.7%
Shawn Hochuli	17	8.7	5.2	+0.2%
Bill Vinovich	17	8.1	5.5	−2.6%
Brad Rogers	16	7.9	5.4	+5.8%
Clete Blakeman	17	7.5	5.3	+3.7%
Ron Torbert	17	6.6	5.7	+0.4%
Clay Martin	17	7.5	4.6	−0.6%
Alex Kemp	18	7.5	4.5	−1.2%
Shawn Smith	17	7.4	4.5	+2.5%
Scott Novak	17	7.0	4.8	−2.2%
Craig Wrolstad	18	6.9	4.7	−1.2%
John Hussey	17	6.1	5.1	−3.4%
Land Clark	16	6.4	4.6	+5.6%
Alan Eck	17	6.5	4.3	+5.6%
Brad Allen	16	5.7	4.4	+3.0%

All referees since 2019 · 2025 luck rankings · Expected wins