luckadjusted

Week 16 2021 · December 23, 2021

No FTN charting for this game (drops and interception-worthy throws are not modelled).

49ers at Titans, Week 16 2021: who deserved to win?

The Titans beat the 49ers 20–17, but the 49ers played well enough to win it: they take 7 of 10 replays with the same day's form. Luck ran their way: kicks alone were worth 15 points of win probability to the Titans.

Before kickoff the 49ers were 60% favorites. The biggest swing (Q4, 0:09 left): R. Bullock made 44-yard field goal, worth 18 points of win probability to the Titans.

Final

San Francisco 49ers 17
Tennessee Titans 20

December 23, 2021 · Nissan Stadium · Closing line: 49ers −3.5

Luck index +67 Titans very lucky · −67 49ers

Each team’s own plays from this game, resampled into new drives 4,000 times: with the way both teams actually played, how often does this performance win? How the replay works

Ten replays. 49ers win 7, Titans win 3.

  1. 1 SF 37 TEN 13
  2. 2 SF 17 TEN 0
  3. 3 SF 26 TEN 13
  4. 4 SF 27 TEN 17
  5. 5 SF 21 TEN 14
  6. 6 SF 21 TEN 16
  7. 7 SF 12 TEN 10
  8. 8 SF 12 TEN 14
  9. 9 SF 24 TEN 31
  10. 10 SF 0 TEN 16

Three other ways to ask

Each answers a different question, so none of them replaces the replay above.

The closing betting line, turned into a probability. What everyone knew before the game.

The line plus what this game showed, weighted by how much one game can tell. It stays close to the line because one game says little.

Every kick, fumble bounce, drop, conversion and judgment call redrawn; everything else fixed. The narrowest view of luck.

How 4,000 replays ended

49ers win 67% of them, Titans 33%, counting the 2% still level after regulation as half each. The line is what actually happened: Titans by 3.

Show as a table
Final margin in the replaysShare of replays
49ers by 17+17.3%
49ers by 9–1620.7%
49ers by 1–827.8%
Level after regulation2.4%
Titans by 1–819.6%
Titans by 9–169.0%
Titans by 17+3.4%

Where the luck was

What the luck was worth

Every lucky and unlucky play, weighted by the moment it happened: its swing in win probability, added up by kind. A missed kick in a decided game counts for nothing; the same kick at the end of a tie game can be most of a win.

Swings add up across a game, so in one that went back and forth they can pass 100%. On the scoreboard the same luck was worth +4.6 points to the 49ers: the final margin was Titans by 3, without the luck Titans by 7.6. Luck shares are the fitted ones (how much of each kind is luck).

The kicks

How likely each kicker was to make that kick (his own record, the distance and the weather), and what happened.

  • R. Gould, 48 yds made · 71% expected
  • R. Bullock, 38 yds made · 89% expected
  • R. Bullock, 44 yds made · 81% expected
Bar: expected chance of a make. Filled dot: made. Open dot: missed or blocked.

Penalties: 49ers 5 for 41 yards, Titans 6 for 57 yards

Every accepted flag, in order, and what it did to the helped team’s chance of winning at that moment, including any play it wiped out (points on the scoreboard in grey). A flag in a decided game is worth nothing; one at the turn of a close game can be worth most of a win. Judgment calls count toward luck, pre-snap fouls mostly don’t. How calls are valued

WhenFlagWin probability for
Q1 3:54 Face Mask on the Titans (Kristian Fulton), 15 yards +3% SF +1.7 pts
Q2 9:40 Face Mask on the 49ers, 15 yards +5% TEN +1.8 pts
Q2 8:31 Chop Block on the Titans, 12 yards +2% SF +1.3 pts
Q2 1:55 Offensive Holding on the Titans (Geoff Swaim), 10 yards, wiping out the play +15% SF +3.5 pts
Q2 1:20 Defensive Delay of Game on the Titans (Jayon Brown), 5 yards · pre-snap +3% SF +1.1 pts
Q3 15:00 False Start on the Titans, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% SF +0.9 pts
Q3 5:57 False Start on the 49ers (George Kittle), 5 yards · pre-snap +2% TEN +0.9 pts
Q3 2:15 False Start on the 49ers, 5 yards · pre-snap +1% TEN +1.8 pts
Q3 1:10 Offensive Holding on the Titans, 10 yards, wiping out the play +8% SF +1.8 pts
Q4 12:13 Offensive Holding on the 49ers, 10 yards +4% TEN +1.1 pts
Q4 1:23 Defensive Pass Interference on the 49ers (Marcell Harris), 6 yards +5% TEN +0.6 pts

49ers penalties, every game · Titans penalties, every game · All teams, 2021

When it happened

Titans’ chance of winning

As low as 19% and as high as 100%. Numbers mark the biggest luck moments, listed below.

nflfastR’s in-game win probability. It ignores the betting line, so it starts near even. Shaded above the middle while the Titans were ahead in it, below while the 49ers were.
#WhenWhat happenedWin probability forNext drive
1 Q2 1:55 Offensive Holding on the Titans (Geoff Swaim), 10 yards, wiping out the playJudgment calls · 7 flags in 1494 snaps before, position avg 1 per 269 +15% SF SF: End of half
2 Q3 14:15 The Titans converted 3rd & 153rd & 4th downs · 20% expected +8% TEN TEN: Field goal
3 Q3 5:38 The 49ers converted 3rd & 73rd & 4th downs · 34% expected +8% SF SF: Turnover on downs
4 Q3 0:04 The Titans converted 3rd & 233rd & 4th downs · 15% expected +16% TEN TEN: Touchdown
5 Q4 13:48 The Titans converted 3rd & 103rd & 4th downs · 26% expected +9% TEN TEN: Touchdown
6 Q4 4:35 The 49ers fumbled and recovered it themselvesFumble bounces · loose balls are close to 50/50 +12% SF SF: Touchdown
7 Q4 0:54 The Titans were stopped on 3rd & 43rd & 4th downs · 44% expected +8% SF TEN: Field goal
8 Q4 0:09 R. Bullock made 44-yard field goalKicks · 81% expected for him +18% TEN –

Missing players

Key players (usually on the field for half the snaps or more) who missed this game or part of it, valued by position and quality. The same players are missing in every replay, so this counts as luck in points only.

  • Taylor Lewan (TEN T), out · 1.0 pts
  • Derrick Henry (TEN RB), out (IR) · 0.5 pts
  • Rodger Saffold (TEN G), out (IR) · 0.5 pts
  • Elijah Molden (TEN CB), out (IR) · 0.5 pts
  • David Long (TEN LB), out · 0.4 pts
  • Monty Rice (TEN LB), out (IR) · 0.1 pts
  • Emmanuel Moseley (SF CB), out (IR) · 0.6 pts
  • Mike McGlinchey (SF T), out (IR) · 0.6 pts
  • Mohamed Sanu (SF WR), out (IR) · 0.4 pts
  • Talanoa Hufanga (SF SS), out · 0.4 pts
  • Tavon Wilson (SF SS), out (IR) · 0.2 pts
  • Elijah Mitchell (SF RB), out · 0.1 pts

Adjust the assumptions

Disagree with how much of a fumble bounce or a pass interference call is luck? Change it and the coin-flip replay reruns in your browser.

Only coin-flips re-rolled

49ers 16% · Titans 84%

Final margin
Titans by 3
Luck in points
4.6 for the 49ers
Luck-adjusted margin
Titans by 7.6
Replay with same day's form
49ers 67% · Titans 33% unchanged: why
How much of each is luck?

0% treats it as skill, 100% as pure luck. The tick is our fit.

What counts

We tested momentum on 19,000 lucky breaks and found none, so it's off by default. Why

Flip a play

Force the other outcome, in this game and in every replay: a made kick becomes a miss, a stop becomes a conversion, a flag goes the other way.

About these numbers

Play-by-play and win probability from nflfastR via nflverse; kicks valued against each kicker’s own record; drops and interception-worthy throws from FTN charting (not available for this game); injuries from snap counts and injury reports. No FTN charting for this game (drops and interception-worthy throws are not modelled).

Methodology and validation · All Week 16 2021 games · 49ers · Titans

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